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Cleanthes
Cleanthes (c. 330–232 BC) was a Greek Stoic philosopher who succeeded Zeno as the second head of the Stoic school, known for his Hymn to Zeus and emphasis on universal unity.
Epictetus
Epictetus (c. 50-135 AD) was a Stoic philosopher born into slavery who taught that freedom comes from controlling our thoughts and reactions, not external circumstances.
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius, Roman emperor and Stoic philosopher, taught that living virtuously and focusing on what we can control leads to inner peace and freedom.
Notable Greek Stoic Philosophers
Explore the foundational Greek Stoic philosophers from Zeno of Citium to Marcus Aurelius and their core teachings on virtue, self-control, and living in accordance with nature.
Notable Stoics of the 21st Century
Explore five contemporary thinkers and writers—including Ryan Holiday, William B. Irvine, and Tim Ferriss—who have shaped modern Stoicism and brought ancient philosophy to today's audiences.
Ryan Holiday
Overview of Ryan Holiday's books on Stoicism, media strategy, and personal growth, with detailed focus on The Obstacle Is the Way.
Tim Ferriss
Tim Ferriss is an American author and entrepreneur known for bestselling books on productivity and lifestyle design, including The 4-Hour Work Week and The Tim Ferriss Show podcast.
William B. Irvine
William B. Irvine is a contemporary philosopher and Wright State University professor known for making Stoicism accessible through works like "A Guide to the Good Life."
Zeno of Citium
Zeno of Citium (334-262 BC) founded the Stoic school of philosophy, teaching that virtue, reason, and living in accordance with nature are keys to happiness.